Test Code DNSAG Dengue Virus NS1 Antigen, Serum
Useful For
Aiding in the diagnosis of dengue virus infection
Profile Information
Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
---|---|---|---|
DENS1 | Dengue NS1 Ag, S | No | Yes |
DNAGI | Dengue Ag Interpretation | No | Yes |
Reporting Name
Dengue Virus NS1 Ag, SSpecimen Type
SerumSpecimen Required
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL
Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into plastic vial.
Specimen Minimum Volume
0.4 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days | |
Frozen | 14 days |
Reject Due To
Gross hemolysis | Reject |
Gross lipemia | Reject |
Gross icterus | Reject |
Clinical Information
Dengue virus (DV) is a globally distributed flavivirus with 4 distinct serotypes (DV-1, -2, -3, -4). It is primarily transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is found throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of over 100 countries. DV poses a significant worldwide public health threat with approximately 2.5 to 3 billion people residing in DV endemic areas, among whom 100 to 200 million individuals will be infected, and approximately 30,000 patients will succumb to the disease, annually.
Following dengue infection, the incubation period varies from 3 to 7 days, and while some infections remain asymptomatic, the majority of individuals will develop classic dengue fever. Symptomatic patients become acutely febrile and present with severe musculoskeletal pain, headache, retro-orbital pain, and a transient macular rash, most often observed in children. Fever defervescence signals disease resolution in most individuals. However, children and young adults remain at increased risk for progression to dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, particularly during repeat infection with a new DV serotype.
Detection of the DV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) has emerged as an alternative biomarker to both serologic and molecular based techniques for diagnosis of acute DV infection. NS1 antigenemia is detectable within 24 hours and up to 9 days following symptoms onset. This overlaps with the DV viremic phase, and NS1 is often detectable prior to IgM seroconversion. Concurrent evaluation for the NS1 antigen alongside testing for IgM- and IgG-class antibodies to DV (DENGM / Dengue Virus Antibody, IgG and IgM, Serum) provides optimal diagnostic potential for both early and late dengue disease.
Reference Values
Negative
Reference values apply to all ages.
Interpretation
Positive:
The presence of dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen is consistent with acute-phase infection with dengue virus.
The NS1 antigen is typically detectable within 1 to 2 days following infection and up to 9 days following symptom onset.
NS1 antigen may also be detectable during secondary dengue virus infection, but for a shorter duration of time (1-4 days following symptom onset).
Negative:
The absence of dengue NS1 antigen is consistent with the lack of acute-phase infection.
The NS1 antigen may be negative if specimen is collected immediately following dengue virus infection (<24-48 hours) and is rarely detectable following 9 to 10 days of symptoms.
Method Description
The InBios NS1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a 2-step sandwich-format colorimetric immunoassay for qualitative detection of nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen in serum. Diluted patient samples and controls are incubated in wells coated with purified capture antibody, specific for the dengue NS1 antigen. Following incubation, wells are washed, incubated with a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated polyclonal antibody specific to NS1 antigen and re-incubated. Wells are subsequently washed and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethlbenzidine substrate is added and incubated at room temperature in the dark. Stop solution is added next and the optical density (OD) of the reaction is measured at 450/620 nm. The immune status ratio for each sample is calculated from the ratio of the OD obtained with the test sample divided by the OD from the calculated cutoff value (determined by the cutoff control sample).(Package insert: InBios DENV DetectTM NS1 ELISA. InBios International, Inc; Revision 01/18/2019)
Day(s) Performed
Tuesday
Performing Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterCPT Code Information
86790
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
DNSAG | Dengue Virus NS1 Ag, S | 75377-2 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
DENS1 | Dengue NS1 Ag, S | 75377-2 |
DNAGI | Dengue Ag Interpretation | 69048-7 |
Highlights
Detection of the dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen is suggestive of recent exposure and/or acute infection with dengue virus.
This test should be used for diagnostic purposes only.
Dengue NS1 antigenemia overlaps with dengue virus viremia and can be used as an acute phase marker for infection.
Method Name
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Secondary ID
36781Test Classification
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send Infectious Disease Serology Test Request (T916) with the specimen.